A simple table i wrote a while ago on different file formats for image storage and their advantages and disadvantages. I hope people may find it useful!
File Format | Advantages | Disadvantages |
JPG | Small File Size – Ideal for web use and email. Varying rates of compression reduce file size further, at a cost of loss of original image quality Recognised file format on all computers as well as displaying on digital photo frames, mobile phones, DVD players etc. Ideal for small prints such as instant photo booths. Can embed colour space profiles as well as ITPC Metadata | Lossy compression, as the file is compressed to save space, it loses some of the original file data and therefore degrades image quality Further editing on the image can degrade quality even further. Only suitable for smaller print output, as on larger images, compression artefacts and noise can be present on final print. |
TIFF | Uncompressed image retains maximum amount of image data from the camera. Can be compressed to reduce file sizes using mathematical algorithms such as ZIP or TAR without loss of image data Can also use lossy compression such as JPG algorithms to reduce file size Recognised format by most computers, cross compatible with both MAC and PC’s Standard format for printing either at home or dedicated Photo lab. Can embed colour space profiles as well as ITPC Metadata | Large file sizes, around 20mb for a 10 megapixel image, so larger storages devices needed for long term archival use. Good specification computer needed to process and load images. Most website and online images galleries do not support tiff uploading. Slow speeds when transferring to online galleries that do support TIFF files |
PSD | A format created by Adobe for Photoshop use, it contains all the original image data as well as any layers, adjustments and full image history. Ideal for use when processing images as a user can save the file and then go back to it at a later date | Generally only recognised by Photoshop software and certain other image manipulation software |
Camera RAW | Uncompressed image, direct from camera sensor Best image quality overall as well as flexibility in post processing Things such as white balance, exposure, colour space, contrast, saturation can all be adjusted by software easily It is a non destructive format, therefore any changes made such as cropping or adjustments can be undone and the image reverted back to its original state. Can embed colour space profiles as well as ITPC Metadata | Needs dedicated RAW converter to process images such as Adobe RAW or Cameras own software Good specification computer needed to process and load images. Most website and online images galleries do not support RAW uploading. Not recommended for use when sending to printing labs or similar due to incompatibilities and the nature of the file type. Large file sizes, approx 12mb for a 10 megapixel file. |
Adobe Digital Negative | Similar camera RAW, created by Adobe as a standardised format Uncompressed image, identical to original Camera RAW file Best image quality overall as well as flexibility in post processing Things such as white balance, exposure, colour space, contrast, saturation can all be adjusted by software easily It is a non destructive format, therefore any changes made such as cropping or adjustments can be undone and the image reverted back to its original state. Slightly smaller file sizes compared to Camera RAW, approximately 8mb for a 10 Megapixel image Cross compatible with all Adobe software so no additional RAW converter needed Can embed colour space profiles as well as ITPC Metadata | Needs Adobe Software or compatible to open and process image Good specification computer needed to process and load images. Most website and online images galleries do not support Adobe Digital Negative uploading. Not recommended for use when sending to printing labs or similar due to incompatibilities and the nature of the file type. Large file sizes, approx 8mb for a 10 megapixel file. |
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